Your First Paraglider

Get all your flying needs from us online, over the phone, or in person in our real, physical shop! Paragliders must be collected in person. If you cannot see what you want, do call us on 01273 434002 or email info@winging-it.co.uk

EN-A Beginner Gliders

ADVANCE Alpha - Classic £3100, DLS £3439

Swiss quality EN-A gliders ideal for your first wing.

Advance Alpha 8 & DLS

A fantastic first glider, these wings are certified with an additional extended weight range should you find lockdown has not been great for your waistline!
The new ALPHA series: your perfect companion for starting out. Fly safely, effortlessly, and with pure joy. Thanks to cutting-edge technology and premium materials, the ALPHA promises peace of mind for the start of your journey and performance as you progress.

ONE SERIES, TWO MODELS

The Classic version is robust and perfect for beginners during and after training. The DLS version goes one step further and is up to 800 g lighter. It offers even better glide performance and is ideal for hike & fly, travel and even first cross-country flights. Both models enable a safe and performance-oriented start to your flying career.

DLS

CLASSIC

ADVANCE Pi4 ULS (soaring sizes) - £3230

Lightweight EN-A beginner wing

Advance Pi 4 ULS

In the larger sizes (21 - 27) a good lightweight beginner wing. Thermal wing, hike & fly glider, and mini wing all in one: for over 14 years, the PI series has been the epitome of versatility and lightness. Now in its fourth generation, the PI offers a unique combination of minimal weight, maximum fun, and impressive performance. And it's lighter than ever, available in a new size 14 starting at just 1.65 kg.

Depending on its wing loading the PI ULS makes different demands on the pilot. The higher the loading the more challenging the flying characteristics and handling skill requirements become. Small wings are fundamentally more agile, lively, and demanding to fly, even when flown at their normal wing loadings.

We have one greatly reduced Pi3 Fire 23 in stock for immediate delivery, others to order.

BGD Adam 2 - £2480

British Designed EN-A gliders ideal for your first wing.

BGD Adam 2- £2480

A fantastic first glider.

If you want to take to the skies and discover freedom in 3D, ADAM 2 is your new best friend. It will reassure and keep you safe from your first flights onwards. Maximum safety is top priority for this school glider. It’s forgiving of piloting errors, and takes the stress out of learning to fly for students and instructors.

Faced with a spaghetti mess of lines, working out what is what can be overwhelming at first. With the ADAM 2 we kept things simple and clear: 20mm risers are easy to manage, and they are coloured and labelled. The lines are all sheathed and coloured. Excellent launch behaviour makes ground-handling and getting airborne very easy, and excellent pitch, roll and yaw stability will make students feel at ease in their harness.

The ADAM 2 has long brake travel and the brake pressure ramps up to a clear stall point. Students will not accidentally stall this glider. We’ve thoroughly tested spiral behaviour and there is no tendency for it to lock in.

BGD Magic - £2579 - £2655

EN-A beginner intermediate wing

BGD Magic 2

The Magic takes safety and performance to whole new levels, in a colourful and fun-to-fly package. It’s easy to launch, a joy to thermal and exceptionally roll stable, helping students avoid unintentional side-to-side oscillations.The Magic lightens the workload of learning to fly without reducing the fun.

£2579 -
£2655 -

SKYWALK Mescal 7 - £3149

EN-A German gliders suitable for your first wing.

Skywalk Mescal 7

The MESCAL7 was designed with a clear goal in mind: to give new pilots the easiest, safest, and most intuitive introduction to paragliding. From your first meters on the ground to your first thermal flights, the MESCAL7 accompanies you on a clear path – building confidence! So you can develop your flying skills safely and joyfully.

The MESCAL7 impresses with precise, clearly defined responses in all flight phases, as well as pronounced roll and pitch stability, which gives you control and peace of mind at all times.

The MESCAL7 is a wing that systematically builds flying skills: uncomplicated, technically well-defined, and with exactly the dynamics that enable real progress – without stress, but with full control.

SKYWALK Masala 4 - £3249

EN-A Light beginner wing

SKYWALK Masala

We have developed the MASALA for all Hike&Fly pilots, mountaineers and ambitious para-alpinists, who always want to carry their ultralight equipment with them. The lightest paraglider in our lightweight line can be folded as small as a bath towel and fits in the smallest backpack.

GIN Bolero - £2899

EN-A Korean gliders suitable for your first wing.

GIN Bolero 7

Safety is paramount in a beginner wing, and the Bolero 7 is probably our most stable wing ever in terms of pitch and roll. Yet the wing is also great fun to fly, tight flat turns are possible and it’s easy and intuitive to vary the bank. There is zero tendency to enter a spiral dive in case the pilot inadvertently pulls too much brake.

Ideal brake travel - The highly progressive brake travel means that the wing is easy to control in the turn and this encourages the pilot to learn to use subtle brake inputs. The full brake range is very long, and thus the wing is extremely forgiving.

The Bolero 7 will greatly help a pilot learning to thermal. The wing has a tendency to automatically fly towards lift. On entering the lift, there is a helpful biting which minimises the pitch corrections a pilot needs to make, enabling them to fully concentrate on maximising the lift (or enjoying the view!).

GIN Yeti 6 - £3199

EN-A Light beginner wing

GIN Yeti

The Yeti is a light wing suitable for a wide range of pilots and uses – from beginners to experienced pilots and from leisurely hike ’n flys to mountain adventures. The Yeti is our hike ’n fly wing re-imagined. It’s lighter and more compact than ever, the take-off is simplicity itself, and thermalling is a delight. Whether you’re a hike ’n fly aficionado or a student pilot looking for a light wing, the Yeti is sure to provide the key to your adventure

GIN Elise - £3599

EN-A Korean gliders suitable for your first wing.

GIN Elise

The Elise is a light and compact EN A paraglider, suitable as a first wing after school or for leisure pilots. Offering the highest levels of passive safety with agile and fun handling, it can be your faithful long-term companion to take on your trips, hikes and even cross country flights.

The Elise has an exceptionally easy inflation and take-off in all conditions — even for the category of wing. It offers damped and selfcorrecting behaviour in all axes.

Maximise your fun - Once in the air, the same forgiving behaviour is apparent, but the wing is never dull. The agile handling provides immense fun and thermalling it is a pure joy. The wing guides you into the better air yet it also responds precisely to your inputs. Passive safety is first-class, helping you to progress in your flying and to relax in the sky.

Light and compact - All aspects of the design have been optimised for lightness and low packing volume. Nitinol rods on the leading edge enable a very compact folding and packing, and there is an optimised internal structure and line layout. All this reduces the weight and packing volume without compromising flying characteristics.

Extended weight range - The Elise is certified with an extended weight range for a greater flexibility of use. Flown around the middle of the normal weight range, low-airtime pilots will discover an easy, well-behaved wing with great climbing ability. Flown at a higher wing loading in the extended weight range, pilots can retain peace of mind when carrying extra gear or load up to enjoy some dynamic soaring.

Optional dyneema riser - For pilots who want to go even lighter and more compact, an optional Dyneema riser is available. This saves around 200g compared to the standard riser.

GIN Bandit 2 - £4199

EN-B Light beginner intermediate wing

GIN Bandit 2

Designed for pilots who seek genuine cross-country adventures and the freedom of flying from mountain to mountain with only their paraglider and bivouac gear, the Bandit 2 combines a true ultra-lightweight concept with the performance cues of a higher-aspect wing. Whether you’re stepping into long-distance flying, chasing hike-and-fly adventures, or next mountain flying trip adventure, the Bandit 2 offers you perfect partner.

The Bandit 2 stands in a category of its own. It’s gentle and stable enough to inspire confidence in pilots venturing into thermal and cross-country flying, yet it retains the instinctive feel and pitch dynamics that experienced pilots appreciate.

This unique balance between stability, thermal sensitivity and precise brake authority makes it a true all-rounder — a wing that adapts effortlessly to your progression, your flying style, and your ambitions.

Ready to launch, everywhere, everytime. - Thanks to its lightweight construction and refined internal architecture, the Bandit 2 offers a take-off behaviour comparable to a dedicated mountain wing. The canopy rises smoothly and progressively, even in little or no wind, requiring minimal input from the pilot.

Its pitch-stable character and the tendency of the wing to sniff the lifting airmass, generates early lift and compact inflation in all wind conditions — from alpine hike & fly starts to everyday cross-country sites.

The Bandit 2 was conceived as an ultralight wing from the very first sketch. Every parameter — from the internal architecture to the line geometry and cell construction — has been optimised from the ground up to achieve the lowest possible weight without compromising performance, handling or durability.

This meticulous design approach delivers a wing that feels refined, smooth and perfectly balanced in the air. Its lightweight structure enhances pitch and roll damping, providing a coherent and intuitive feedback throughout all the flying conditions.

Thanks to the use of Nitinol rods in the leading edge, the Bandit 2 also offers remarkably compact packing and a consistently clean upper surface, making it the perfect companion for hike & fly and cross-country adventures alike.

Every detail of the Bandit 2 risers has been refined to the essentials. The new design is lighter, cleaner and more intuitive, offering a direct, user-friendly experience both on the ground and in the air.

INDEPENDENCE Cruiser - £3150

EN-A German gliders suitable for your first wing.

Independence Cruiser 5

A perfect beginner wing.

With the Cruiser 5, you have the ideal glider at your side to provide you with an unforgettable flying experience right from the start. Its excellent glide characteristics ensure that you glide safely and stably through the air. The Cruiser 5 gives you a feeling of freedom, lightness and safety, whether you are starting out on a training slope or conquering your first few metres in the air.

The easy and forgiving take-off and flight characteristics make the Cruiser 5 the perfect companion for the first few years of your flying adventures. Take-off and inflation are so easy that you can even inflate the glider without using the risers. With the Cruiser 5 you can take to the skies with minimal effort and experience the fascination of flying from day one.

The Cruiser 5 is made from an extremely durable and lightweight double-coated D20 cloth, making it both robust and easy to use. You can be sure that you will enjoy your new buddy for a long time, even with frequent use.

INDEPENDENCE Pioneer - £3300

High EN-A beginner wing

INDEPENDENCE Pioneer

High-Level A with B-Upgrade

The Pioneer 4 stands for the High-Level A segment: lots of performance, generous safety reserves and precise, balanced handling.

The special feature: With the Speed Limiter, which can be installed or removed in a few simple steps, the accelerator travel can be adjusted. With Speed Limiter, the setup remains clearly A-oriented. Without Speed Limiter, the Pioneer 4 unfolds noticeably more speed and dynamism in accelerated flight – positioning itself as a basic intermediate in EN/LTF B.

Thus, the Pioneer 4 combines two setups in one wing: A-setup for safe entry and comfortable feeling - B-setup for more performance, whenever the pilot is ready for the next step.

Pioneer 4: Fly EN A - then unlock EN B

INDEPENDENCE Grasshopper - £2450

EN-A single surface gliders suitable for your first wing.

INDEPENDENCE Grasshopper

Learning to fly has never been this easy - the first beginner's single skin in the world - Grasshopper!
From practice slope to first thermal flights the Grasshopper paraglider persuades pilots with its brilliant simpleness, ist safety and stable behaviour.
A very light paraglider with small packed measure and very stable flight behaviour. This single skin is absolutely easy to launch, even at difficult conditions. Due to ist low canopy weight and small volume, its flight behaviour is outstanding stable and tolerant - a huge gain regarding safety for beginners as well as for casual pilots. Needless to say, that Grasshopper, not only due to its low weight, is a perfect wing for Hike & Fly, too.

SKYMAN Rock 3 - £3190-£3590

EN-A Light beginner wing

SKYMAN Rock 3

The Rock³ sets new standards for all beginners and hike & fly enthusiasts. With its very low weight and improved glide performance compared to the previous model, the Rock³ offers outstanding performance and fun with every flight.

The very easy launch behaviour makes the Rock³ the ideal companion even in difficult terrain, especially on alpine hike & fly adventures where every launch has to be a piece of cake.

The Rock³'s unique Skyman handling makes it super precise and a breeze to fly, making it a joy for all pilots, whether they're just starting out or on more challenging hike & fly adventures.

And like all Skyman wings, the Rock³ is built with the super durable D10 cloth, ensuring it'll keep going strong.

But that's not all – the Rock³ doesn't just impress with its performance and handling, it also comes with the highest level of safety. With LTF/EN A certification, you can be sure you're always on the safe side when enjoying the freedom of the sky.

Skyman The Rock³ - for your next big adventure.

NOVA Prion 6 -£2975

EN-A German gliders suitable for your first wing.

NOVA Prion 6

The PRION 6 offers much and demands little. Regardless whether you are making your first turns in a thermal or if you are flying big distances in unknown areas, in every case you will benefit from the simplicity and innovations designed into the PRION 6.

NOVA Aonic 2 - £3715

EN-A beginner wing

NOVA Aonic 2

The AONIC 2 (EN/LTF A) is the most technically advanced High-A glider in its class – setting new standards.

With 51 cells, a refined line setup, optimized curvature, and high-end-materials, it unites what was previously seen as opposites:

Maximum safety, genuine thermal performance, and a flying experience that is both precise and relaxed.

The AONIC 2 proves that safety does not mean compromise. It is safe enough for training, yet so well-balanced and powerful that it continues to deliver joy long after school – in thermal flying, relaxed XC outings, or simply enjoying the air.

NOVA Bantam 2 £3115 & X £3055

EN-C/D German lightweight glider suitable for your second speedwing.

NOVA Bantam 2 £3115 & X £3055

With a weight of only 1.6 kg (size 12), very short lines and ultra-small pack size, the BANTAM 2 (size 14: EN C/LTF D, size 12: EN/LTF D) is an excellent miniwing for alpine adventures and competitions. This mountaineering wing masters demanding take-off sites and inspires with its speed, good glide performance and high stability.

To the launch, get set, go! The BANTAM 2 features all the characteristics that enable top rankings in competitions like the Red Bull Dolomitenmann, Rise & Fall, etc. A quick launch is essential and this occurs reliably thanks to the short lines and easy inflation. In the air, the ultralight mountain wing impresses with even better glide performance, higher stability and top speed than its predecessor. For several years now, the BANTAM concept has proven itself at the Red Bull Dolomitenmann: with the BANTAM (1), Chrigel Maurer has won the individual paragliding discipline three times in a row. During the development of the BANTAM 2, the core characteristics were once again significantly improve

For those seeking an even more uncompromising option, the radical design concept of the BANTAM X is worth a look. This wing prioritises the launch characteristics of a Hike & Fly glider: with its exceptionally short lines (3.2 meters from the pilot to the canopy), the BANTAM X is a true launch marvel, making even the smallest peak a viable take off.

Bantam X

NOVA Doubleskin 2- £3049

EN-A Light beginner wing

NOVA Doubleskin 2

More sizes to suit every taste. With four sizes, the DOUBLESKIN 2 covers a total weight range of 55 to 120 kg and is EN A certified. The glider has a compact pack size and the smallest size (16) weighs just 2.41 kg. There is a suitable size for every requirement you have from your mountain paraglider. Another advantage of the DOUBLESKIN 2 is, with appropriate wing loading, it is suitable for training. This means you can enjoy the benefits of a safe, light wing from the very first flight.

OZONE ALTA GT - £3400

EN-A glider suitable for your first wing.

OZONE ALTA GT

The Alta GT is a new breed of paraglider! It packs up the best level of performance achievable in the category while retaining the ease of use found in the EN-A class. It combines the lightness needed for hike and fly or traveling, and the durability expected by novice pilots. It's the first glider introducing you to the Ozone GT range.

The Alta GT is designed for pilots who "want it all", in a highly safe and reliable wing. It is a great first wing when you start thermal up, or enjoy your first hike and fly adventures. If you want the performance necessary to fly your first XC, but prioritize ease of use and safety, and also want a light and versatile wing for everyday flying, then the Alta has what you need. Its every-day durability makes the Alta GT more than just a light wing!

This unique combination of design tech has created a wing that is forgiving, easy to launch and fly, durable enough to be your only wing, and light enough to carry anywhere.

Ozone Moxie - £2900

EN-A beginner wing

OZONE Moxie

The Moxie is an all-new design engineered from the ground up to support the beginning phase of your paragliding career. For new pilots and students, the Moxie is ideal for progressing your flying with maximum ease and safety. The wing has been designed with the easiest launch we have ever experienced, highly intuitive handling, a generous yet precise brake range for fun and effective thermalling performance, and a deep and forgiving flare. Our most confidence-inspiring wing yet, the Moxie allows you to build skills in a shorter period of time for a quicker path to advanced flying. MOXIE - £2900

EN-B(LOW) Beginner Intermediate Gliders

For the more ambitious beginner!

ADVANCE Epsilon DLS - £3859

Swiss EN-B gliders suitable for your first wing.

ADVANCE Epsilon DLS

A great wing for the more able and ambitious beginner or someone trading down to something more comfortable. Not suitable for all beginners!

Progress, flight after flight: With the EPSILON DLS you can discover the whole spectrum of paragliding. Already in its 10th generation, the proven EPSILON is now available as a light glider in DLS quality. Just as perfect for starting cross-country flying as it is for hike-to-fly and travel.

The EPSILON DLS is even simpler and more intuitive. The redesigned canopy tension provides damped canopy feedback and improved turbulence absorption. In addition, the EPSILON DLS delivers noticeably smooth flying behaviour, especially in turbulent air. This results in significantly improved directional and roll stability.

Thanks to its DURABLE LIGHTWEIGHT STRUCTURE, the EPSILON DLS is available from a mere 3.45 kg weight*. It is not only very light, but also 100% suitable for everyday use. Durability and robustness correspond to semi-light products, so even as a light glider the EPSILON DLS does not require special care for daily use.

You can explore the whole paragliding spectrum with the EPSILON DLS. As a light glider it presents even more versatility. It is not only ideal for classic cross-country flights, but also for hike to fly and travel. An extremely compact packing volume enables the EPSILON DLS to fit perfectly in light reversible harnesses.

BGD Epic 2 - £2805-£2959

Low EN-B intermediate beginner wing

BGD EPIC

A great wing for the more able and ambitious beginner or someone trading down to something more comfortable. Not suitable for all beginners! The pleasure of flying, the beautiful life! The EPIC 2 has impeccable safety and fun handling. It’s the perfect partner for playing locally, exploring cross-country or starting out in freestyle.

The EPIC 2 is very safe and reassuring, accessible to low-airtime pilots but with handling and performance that experienced pilots will love.

We’ve improved the launch behaviour – the wing comes up smoothly and easily without overshooting. In flight, it’s slightly faster than its predecessor (+1km/h at trim, +3km/h top speed) and has improved glide. It’s also a great climber, especially in weak lift.

Long brake travel means you shouldn’t accidentally stall or spin, but it is precise on the brakes with direct, playful handling. The EPIC 2 is safe and reassuring in strong air, but does not hide the bumps. At BGD we think feedback is really important: the wing tells the pilot about the conditions, and the pilot can anticipate and avoid collapses.

Like on the BASE 2, the new EPIC 2 risers have a B/C steering system for piloting the wing while pushing the bar and flying at speed.

SKYWALK Tequila 6 - £3450

Austrian Low EN-B glider suitable for your first wing.

Skywalk Tequila 5

Easy-to-fly gliders for pilots who are just starting out, switching classes, or working their way up. The TEQUILA is our sporty intermediate wing designed for ambitious aviators after training, recreational pilots and XC beginners. Legendary for six generations.

This intermediate paraglider combines surprisingly easy flight characteristics with outstanding performance. Even record-breaking pilots rely on our well-balanced EN-B wing, just like flatland ace Armin Harich did in 2014. His unique 300 kilometer flight across Germany, from Heidelberg in the west to just before the Austrian border in the east, impressively demonstrated what our TEQUILA is capable of.

ADVANCE Theta ULS - £4169

MID EN-B intermediate lightweight wing

ADVANCE Theta ULS

The THETA ULS takes you out into undisturbed nature, far away from crowded launch sites. With minimal weight, maximum feel-good factor and tangible performance, you will be inspired to set out on new adventures, and be motivated to expand your skills. The new performance intermediate is based on the ultra-light construction of the OMEGA ULS.

The new ultra-lightweight construction developed for the OMEGA ULS is now available to a larger group of pilots for the first time. The combination of the lightest materials and an extremely weight-optimised internal structure means that the THETA ULS is available from 3.1 kg.

The THETA ULS combines two worlds by bringing together the performance of the IOTA DLS with the feel-good factor of the EPSILON DLS. As an ultra-light mid-B wing, it is an all-rounder for a wide range of pilots.

The right wing for pilots with many interests who like to explore new areas. The THETA ULS encourages your spirit of discovery and promises you freedom and independence on your flying adventures: whether for vol-biv, hike-to-fly tours or when travelling.

Independence Tensing - £2440-£2640

German Single skin EN-B glider suitable for your first wing.

Independence Tensing

Tensing, a light and sturdy single skin paraglider, is an ideal companion for mountaineers not only because of its little packed volume and weight. On the one hand it opens up completely new prospects for pilots, such as the combination of climbing and paragliding. And on the other hand its conception makes it exceptionally well steerable when flying without seatboard. Moreover it is an excellent wing for thermal flying and soaring.

SKYMAN Sir Edmund - £2300-£2699

Single Skin lightweight EN-B intermediate wing

SKYMAN Sir Edmund

Welcome to the next generation of the Hike & Fly - with the Sir Edmund³ we are once again setting new standards in single-skin development! Our years of experience and passion for innovation have led to the development of the Sir Edmund³, which has revolutionary improvements. One of the most outstanding features is our innovative Landing-Booster-System, which offers you unprecedented flare characteristics for an even smoother landing.

A particular highlight of the Sir Edmund³ is the new riser design, which has only one A and B riser - similar to a 2-liner. This makes it easier to launch in extreme conditions and gives you more control throughout the take-off phase.

The redesigned speed system gives you the choice of a foot speed bar with a brummel hook or a variety of hand speed bar options with a webbing loop or small bar, depending on your preferences and needs.

The Sir Edmund³ is the perfect single skin for a complete package with the extremely light and high quality String or Tanga harnesses and the Ultra Cross rescue system. It is the perfect equipment for Hike & Fly adventures where you can effortlessly take off from breathtaking mountain peaks and explore the world from a new perspective.

Are you ready to conquer new horizons? Wait no longer and step into the next era of Hike & Fly with the Sir Edmund³ - experience the freedom of the sky in its purest form!

Also available as the Sir Edmund Speed, EN load tested only. The Speed is our smallest, lightest and fastest Miniwing, of course with the extremely light and robust D10 fabric.

For a single skin, it has a superb trim speed of 44/45 km/h to give excellent penetration against the wind.

A special feature of the Speed is that it has the new Landing-Boost-System, which makes a landing as easy as with a conventional paraglider.

GIN CALYPSO 2 - £3799

Lightweight Low B glider suitable for recreational and XC flying.

GIN Calypso

TRAVEL LIGHT, FLY FAR - The Calypso is a light easy intermediate wing. Your passport to a world of adventure, ready to discover new places and routes — both on the ground and in the air. The Calypso 2 is a true lightweight design, aimed to perfectly match the needs of leisure and progressing pilots who like to travel, hike and even do some XC.

The Calypso 2 has one of the easiest take-offs in our range. If terrain or conditions start to get challenging, the Calypso 2 has your back!

The wing offers exceptional passive safety but also responds well to more active inputs as your flying progresses and you start to relax in the sky.

Low weight, low packed volume - Nitinol rods enable a very compact folding and packing. The Calypso 2 can be packed with one of our light reversible harnesses or a conventional harness and X-Lite rucksack giving a total pack weight of well under 10kg.

Certified with an extended weight range for a greater flexibility of use.

Optional Dyneema risers are available. This saves around 200g compared to the standard riser.

GIN EVORA - £3499

MID EN-B lightweight XC wing

GIN EVORA

The Evora can take you to the places you dreamed of. It's a wing that always stays soft and gentle, even when the air around you doesn't.

Talented beginners and established leisure pilots alike will appreciate the unique qualities of the Evora. Its well-balanced turn, combined with a surprisingly efficient glide, means it's a wing that can be your perfect companion for a long time.

New optimised planform for flatter, more balanced turns and highly progressive brake response to forgive over-enthusiastic pilot inputs and inherent pitch stability, ideal for learning to fly with more speed bar and efficient glide performance, with or without speed bar.

The Evora is so gentle and well-balanced in the turn that climbing can easily become second nature. Thanks to the new, optimised planform, the turn is also relatively flat and efficient. It's much easier to follow moving thermal cores when your wing has a natural tendency to remain steady. Don't be surprised to find yourself top of the stack!

Find Us

Contact Us

info@winging-it.co.uk

Laughton, UK

(01273)434002

Aviation is inherently dangerous and can result in injury or death.

You must be appropriately trained and experienced for the evil of equipment that you purchase. While we will aim to help you make appropriate equipment choices we cannot be held responsible for and incidents, accidents or death resulting from use of the equipment in any manner.